Dry Mouth

Dry Mouth

Dry mouth, or xerostomia, occurs when the salivary glands do not produce enough saliva to keep the mouth moist. This condition can lead to various complications, including difficulty in speaking, eating, and swallowing. Saliva plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health, as it helps wash away food particles, neutralize acids produced by bacteria, and provides essential enzymes for digestion. A lack of saliva can lead to increased tooth decay, gum disease, and discomfort.

Causes of Dry Mouth

1. Medical Conditions: Various systemic diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and autoimmune disorders like Sjögren's syndrome, can affect salivary gland function.
2. Medications: Many medications, including antihistamines, decongestants, diuretics, and certain antidepressants, can have dry mouth as a side effect.
3. Radiation Therapy: Treatment for head and neck cancers may damage salivary glands, leading to reduced saliva production.
4. Nerve Damage: Injuries to the head or neck can affect the nerves responsible for salivation.
5. Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake, fever, or excessive sweating can contribute to dryness in the mouth.